Donating a portion of a liver
QUESTION:
I would like to find out if it will be permissible to donate a piece of liver to someone who really needs it in order to live?
ANSWER:
Our bodies have been entrusted to us from the side of Allah Ta’ala, hence we are not permitted to use our bodies freely as we wish and desire. It is for this reason that one is not permitted to donate any portion of the body. Some jurists have stated that due to the honour afforded to the human body, it is not permissible to donate any organ of the human being. Donating any portion of the human body is considered as humiliation. Others jurists have stated that donating any portion of the human being is not permitted due to it containing impurity. In conclusion, it will not be permissible to donate a piece of one’s liver.
There is also the danger of the donor’s health deteriorating due to donating his organ or, it is also possible the patient’s body rejects the transplanted organ, which could lead to death. The jurists have stated that harm cannot be removed by inflicting another harm, hence organ transplant is unacceptable based on this principle as well.
الِانْتِفَاعُ بِأَجْزَاءِ الْآدَمِيِّ لَمْ يَجُزْ قِيلَ لِلنَّجَاسَةِ وَقِيلَ لِلْكَرَامَةِ هُوَ الصَّحِيحُ كَذَا فِي جَوَاهِرِ الْأَخْلَاطِيِّ(الفتاوى الهندية 5/354)
وَلَا يَجُوزُ بَيْعُ شَعْرِ الْآدَمِيِّ وَلَا الِانْتِفَاعُ بِهِ وَلَا بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ أَجْزَائِهِ لِأَنَّ الْآدَمِيَّ مُكَرَّمٌ غَيْرُ مُبْتَذَلٍ فَلَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ أَجْزَائِهِ مُهَانًا مُبْتَذَلًا(مجمع الأنهر 2/59)
انسان اپنے بدن یا کسی عضو کا مالک نہیں ہے کہ اس میں آزادانہ تصرف کر سکے اسی بنا پر اس کے لئے جائز
نہیں ہے کہ اپنا کوئی عضو کسی دوسرے شخص کوقیمتایا بلا قیمت دیدے(فتاوى رحيميه 10/169)
الضرر لا يزال بالضرر(الأشباه و النظائر 1/74)
درء المفاسد أولى من جلب المصالح(الأشباه و النظائر 1/78)
ALLAH TA’ALA ALONE IN HIS INFINITE KNOWLEDGE KNOWS BEST!
ANSWERED BY:
Maulana Abdul Kader Fazlani
Date: – 11 Rabi’ ul Aakhir 1445 / 27 October 2023
CHECKED AND APPROVED BY:
Mufti Mohammed Desai Saheb