QUESTION:
Narrated by Hadrat Aisha Radiallahu Anha:
“The things which annul the prayers were mentioned before me. They said, “Prayer is annulled by a dog, a donkey and a woman (if they pass in front of the praying people).” I said, “You have made us (i.e. women) dogs. I saw the Prophet Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam praying while I used to lie in my bed, between him and the Qiblah. Whenever I was in need of something, I would slip away for I disliked to face him.” [Bukhari Sharif Vol. 1, Book 9, Hadith 490]
Please explain the above-mentioned Hadith.
ANSWER:
The Hadith in question is a narration of Bukhari Sharif wherein Aisha Radiallahu Anha states that the nullifying qualities of Salaah were mentioned before her. They said, a dog, a donkey and a woman will break one’s Salaah. Aisha Radiallahu Anha further states that, “I saw Rasulullah Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam performing Salaah while I was laying on the bed between Rasulullah Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam and the Qiblah. If I had a need at such a time, then I disliked sitting up and inconveniencing Rasulullah Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam, hence I would slip out from between his feet.”
The Hadith conforms to the sub-heading mentioned in Bukhari Sharif that nothing nullifies one’s Salaah. Hadrat Aisha Radiallahu Anha rejected what was mentioned before her that the passing of a dog, donkey or woman nullifies one’s Salaah. The proof that she cites is that she would be laying on the bed between Rasulullah Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam and the Qiblah, yet Rasulullah Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam wouldn’t regard it as the Salaah being annulled, whereas this condition (of laying before Rasulullah Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam) is stronger than the act of passing before him. When laying between Rasulullah Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam and the Qiblah didn’t nullify Salaah, then passing in front of a Musalli wouldn’t nullify Salaah to a greater extent, irrespective of who passes in front (whether it is a human or an animal). However, Shariah has referred to one that passes in front of a Musalli as Shaytaan.
This is supported by another narration of Hadrat Abu Saeed Khudri Radiallahu Anhu wherein Rasulullah Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam is reported to have said, “When any one of you is performing Salaah, then he shouldn’t let anyone pass in front of him, and he should repel him according to his ability. If he refuses to move, then fight him for verily he is Shaytaan.” This is mentioned in a general sense hence it refers to both animals and humans. Merely passing in front of a Musalli is not considered as a nullifier of Salaah, but the act is criticized as one that does so is referred to as Shaytaan.
حدّثنا عُمَرُ بنُ حَفْصٍ قالَ حدَّثنا أبي قَالَ حدّثنا الأَعْمَشُ قَالَ حدّثنا إبْرَاهِيمُ عَنِ الأَسْوَد عنْ عائِشَةَ قَالَ الأَعْمَشُ وحدّثني مُسْلِمٌ عنْ مَسْرُوقٍ عنْ عائِشَةَ ذُكِرَ عِنْدَها مَا يَقُطَعُ الصَّلاَةَ الكَلْبُ والحِمَارُ وَالمَرْأةُ فقالَتْ شَبَهْتُمُونا بالحُمُرِ والكِلابِ وااِ لَقَدْ رَأيْتُ النبيَّ يُصَلِّي وإنّي عَلَى السَّرِيرِ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ القِبْلَةِ مُضْطَجِعَةٌ فَتَبُدُو لِي الحَاجَةُ فأكْرَهُ أنْ أجْلِسَ فأُوذِيَ النبيَّ فَأنْسَلُّ مِنْ عِنْدِ رِجْلَيْهِ.
هَذَا الحَدِيث للتَّرْجَمَة من حَيْثُ إِنَّه يدل على أَن الصَّلَاة لَا يقطعهَا شَيْء، بَيَان ذَلِك أَن عَائِشَة أنْكرت على من ذكر عِنْدهَا أَن الصَّلَاة يقطعهَا الْكَلْب وَالْحمار وَالْمَرْأَة بِكَوْنِهَا كَانَت على السرير بَين النَّبِي وَبَين الْقبْلَة وَهِي مُضْطَجِعَة، وَلم يَجْعَل النَّبِي ذَلِك قطعا لصلاته، فَهَذِهِ الْحَالة أقوى من الْمُرُور، فَإِذا لم تقطع فِي هَذِه فَفِي الْمُرُور بِالطَّرِيقِ الأولى، ثمَّ الْمُرُور عَام من أَي حَيَوَان كَانَ، لِأَن الشَّارِع جعل كل مَا بَين يَدي الْمُصَلِّي شَيْطَانا، وَذَلِكَ فِي حَدِيث أبي سعيد الْخُدْرِيّ، أخرجه مُسلم عَن يحيى بن يحيى عَن مَالك. وَأَبُو دَاوُد عَن القعْنبِي عَن مَالك عَن زيد بن أسلم عَن عبد الرَّحْمَن بن أبي سعيد الْخُدْرِيّ عَن أبي سعيد الْخُدْرِيّ أَن رَسُول الله قَالَ: (إِذا كَانَ أحدكُم يُصَلِّي فَلَا يدعن أحدا يمر بَين يَدَيْهِ، وليدرأه مَا اسْتَطَاعَ فَإِن أبي فليقاتله فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ شَيْطَان). وَهُوَ بِعُمُومِهِ يتَنَاوَل بني آدم وَغَيرهم، وَلم يَجْعَل نفس الْمُرُور قَاطعا، وَإِنَّمَا ذمّ الْمَار حَيْثُ جعله شَيْطَانا من بَاب التَّشْبِيه. (عمدة القاري ص298 ج4)
حدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ خَلِيلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ ـ يَعْنِي ابْنَ صُبَيْحٍ ـ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، أَنَّهُ ذُكِرَ عِنْدَهَا مَا يَقْطَعُ الصَّلاَةَ فَقَالُوا يَقْطَعُهَا الْكَلْبُ وَالْحِمَارُ وَالْمَرْأَةُ. قَالَتْ قَدْ جَعَلْتُمُونَا كِلاَبًا، لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ـ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ ـ يُصَلِّي، وَإِنِّي لَبَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْقِبْلَةِ، وَأَنَا مُضْطَجِعَةٌ عَلَى السَّرِيرِ، فَتَكُونُ لِي الْحَاجَةُ، فَأَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَسْتَقْبِلَهُ فَأَنْسَلُّ انْسِلاَلاً. وَعَنِ الأَعْمَشِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الأَسْوَدِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ نَحْوَهُ.(صحيح البخاري:٥١١)
أي كالكلاب في حكم قطع الصلاة (ارشاد الساري شرح صحيح البخاري) (لقد جعلتمونا كلابًا
ANSWERED BY:
Maulana Ahmed Saeed
Date:- 14 Jumādal Ula 1445 / 28 November 2023
CHECKED AND APPROVED BY:
Mufti Mohammed Desai Saheb
