Ma’zoor due to old age
Question:-
Papa is quite elderly and due to old age, he is unable to control his urine. His urine drips all the time and he wears an adult diaper that is similar to an outfit. This is changed by a trained nurse twice a day. He is unable to even make his own Wudhu and tends to forget. At times he is unaware of what he is reading in Salaah. What is the ruling in his case in terms of Salaah, Tahaarat etc. What about the Salaah that he has missed in the past?
Answer:-
1. You explained in your query that Papa has no control of his urine, hence urine keeps emerging without him even realizing. Secondly, he is now wearing adult diapers and it is a major task to have it changed. A trained nurse attending to him changes the adult diaper twice a day. Under normal circumstances, soiled clothing should be changed before every Salaah if one is certain that it will not be soiled again whilst performing Salaah. However, if there is a fear that it might be soiled again whilst performing Salaah, then there is no need to change the soiled clothing. In conclusion, in Papa’s case, there is no certainty that he will be able to perform Salaah without him soiling the diaper, hence, he may perform Salaah with the same diaper. Changing it twice a day will suffice in his instance.
بہتر یہ ہوگا کہ نماز کے لئے کپڑا الگ رکھے اور دوسرے وقت میں کپڑا الگ رکھے ، نماز کے وقت جو کپڑا پہنا ہے ، اگر اس میں پیشاپ ہوجائےتو اس کو پاک کرلے (آپ کے مسائل اور ان کا حل ص۵۸۵ ج۳)
کپڑے کی طھارت کا یہ حکم ہے کہ اگر اسکا یقین ہو کہ کپڑا دھونے کے بعد نماز سے فارغ ہونے سے پہلے دو بارہ ناپاک نہیں ہوگا تو بالاجماع دھونا ضروری ہے ۔ اور اگر دو بارہ ناپاک ہونیکا اندیشہ ہو تو دھونا ضروری نہیں (احسن الفتاوی ص۷۵ ج۲)
2. Papa will be considered as a Ma’zoor. The ruling with regards to a Ma’zoor is that he should perform a fresh Wudhu in every Salaah time and he may perform as many Salaah as he wishes in that Salaah time. When the next Salaah time enters, then his Wudhu will be invalidated and he should perform a fresh Wudhu again. [Re:- Aap Ke Masaa’il Aur Unka Hal Pg.580 Vol.3]
وصاحب عذر ومن به ساس بول لَا يُمْكِنُهُ إمْسَاكُهُ (أَوْ اسْتِطْلَاقُ بَطْنٍ أَوْ انْفِلَاتُ رِيحٍ أَوْ اسْتِحَاضَةٌ)—-(وحكمه الوضوء لكل فرض ثم يصلي) به (فيه فرضا ونفلا) فاذا خرج الوقت بطل أي ظهر حدثه السابق (در مختار من التنوير ص305 /306 ج1)
3. Since he is unable to perform Wudhu on his own due to weakness, he should be assisted with his Wudhu. It will be best that the water is brought to his bed (in his situation) and he is assisted to wash the face, hands, to do Masah and finally, wash the feet. He may then perform his Salaah whilst seated on a chair or on his bed, according to his ability. We suggest that someone leads him in the Fardh Salaah so that his Salaah may be discharged correctly.
ومنها ما في منية المصلي: شيخ كبير إذا قام سلس بوله أو به جراحة تسيل، وإن جلس لا تسيل يصلي جالسا. قال شارحها: حتى لو صلى قائما لا يجوز. ومنها ما فيها أيضا: لو كان الشيخ بحال لو صلى قائما ضعف عن القراءة يصلي قاعدا بقراءة. ومنها ما في الخلاصة وغيرها: لو كان بحال لو صلى منفردا يقدر على القيام ولو صلى مع الامام لا يقدر فإنه يخرج إلى الجماعة ويصلي قاعدا وهو الاصح كما في المجتبى (البحر الرائق ص509 ج1)
4. He should try to perform his 5 daily (Fardh) Salaah as far as possible. Salaah cannot be omitted on the basis of illness. Rasulullah Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam was unable to walk to the Masjid and perform Salaah in his final illness. However, he would take the support of two Sahaabah and go to the Masjid for Salaah. As for the Salaah that were omitted in the past, he should make Qadha when he recovers, otherwise, the Fidya can be paid from the estate at the time of demise. The missed Salaah should, therefore, be recorded. Generally, all Islamic Wills make provision for missed obligations such as missed Salaah, fast etc. with the proviso that the outstanding amount for the missed Salaah, fasts etc. do not exceed one third of the net estate value.
ALLAH TA’ALA KNOWS BEST!
ANSWERED BY:
Mufti Mohammed Desai
Date: 17 Jumadal Ula 1444 / 12 December 2022