Reciting Qiraat according to the rules of Maqaamaat
Question:-
1. I have noticed certain Qiraat programmes being advertised as Maqaamaat. Can Muftisahib please explain what Maqaamaat is?
2. When a Qari recites in public, then people shout “Subhanallah” or certain words in Arabic. Is this acceptable? What are the etiquettes of listening to the Quraan Sharif?
Answer:-
1. It is necessary for one to recite the Quraan Sharif according to the laws of Tajweed. Allama Jazri Rahimahullah mentions:
والاخذ بالتجويد حتم لازم من لم يجود القران فهو اثم (المقدمة الجزرية ص43)
To hold onto Tajweed (to recite with Tajweed) is necessary, whosoever does not recite with Tajweed will be sinful.
We are not fully aware of the laws of Maqaamaat. However, it seems that the Quraan Sharif is recited in a melodious tune, in a particular rhythm, like that of singing or music. Undoubtedly, the Quraan Sharif should be recited in a beautiful voice but, if the recitation goes against the laws of Tajweed, then it will not be permitted even though it may sound enjoyable. We also understand (in Maqaamaat) there are instances where the recitation is accompanied with musical instruments, which is totally Haraam. Hence, in the above instances, it will not be permissible to recite according to the laws of Maqaamaat, or listen to the recitation, or attend a gathering where the recitation is rendered according to the laws of Maqaamaat.
2. Allah Ta’ala states, “When the Quraan is recited, then listen attentively to it and remain silent, so that mercy may be shown to you.” [Re:- Surah Aa’raaf, Verse no.204]
When a Qari recites the Quraan Sharif in a beautiful, captivating manner, the hearts are automatically attracted to the words of Allah Ta’ala. It is the very recitation of the Quraan Sharif (by Rasulullah Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam) that captivated and pulled the hearts of the Kuffar. Now, due to extreme joy and happiness, attendees call out the Takbeer or praise and glorify Allah Ta’ala whenever the Qari pauses for breath, or takes a break. This will not be considered as disrespect, as the attendees are not expressing their happiness whilst the Qiraat is in progress. However, if the recitation is taking place in the Masjid, the respect of the Masjid should be kept in mind. Voices should not be raised (by screaming out the Takbeer, etc.), as such behaviour is against the etiquettes of the Masjid, rather the Takbeer should be uttered in a low voice, or even silently. Also, calling out the Takbeer or glorifying Allah when Qiraat takes place is not obligatory, hence, if one remains silent, then it is perfectly in order.
ALLAH TA’ALA KNOWS BEST!
ANSWERED BY:
Mufti Mohammed Desai
Date: 20 Shabaan 1444 / 13 March 2023