Detailed description pertaining to the 15th of Shabaan
Question:-
Can Mufti Saheb please provide a detailed description of the events that occur on the night of Baraa’at?
Answer:-
15 Night of Shabaan
Allah Taโala through His infinite grace and mercy blesses us with numerous occasions whereby we may seek forgiveness for our sins and gain close proximity to Him. One such night is the 15th of Shabaan which is commonly known as the Laylatul Baraaโah (the night when unlimited souls are forgiven and freed from Jahannam).
It is recorded in a narration of Tirmidhi Sharif:
ุนู ุนุงุฆุดุฉ ุงูุตุฏููุฉ ุฑุถู ุงููููู ุนููุง ุนู ุงููุจู -ุตูู ุงููููู ุนููู ูุณูู -: ุฅูููู ุงูููููู ููููุฒููู ููููููุฉู ุงููููุตููู ู ููู ุดูุนูุจูุงูู ุฅูููู ุณูู ูุงุกู ุงูุฏููููููุงุ ููููุบูููุฑู ูุฃูููุซูุฑู ู ููู ุนูุฏูุฏู ุดูุนูุฑู ุบูููู ู ููููุจู “
Hadrat Ayesha Radiallahu Anha reports from Nabi Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam that, Allah Taโala descends to the first heaven (meaning that He showers His special mercies and attention to His creation) on the 15th night of Shabaan, and forgives more people than the hair on the goats of the Banu Kalb. (Tirmidhi – Hadith no.739)
Ibaadat on the 15thย night and fasting during the day
Abdullah bin Umar Radiallahu Anhu narrates:
ุนููู ุงุจููู ุนูู ูุฑู ุจููู ุงููุฎูุทููุงุจูุ ุฎูู ูุณู ููููุงูู ููุง ููุฑูุฏูู ูููููููู ุงูุฏููุนูุงุกู ููููููุฉู ุงููุฌูู ูุนูุฉูุ ููุฃูููููู ููููููุฉู ู ููู ุฑูุฌูุจูุ ููููููููุฉู ุงููููุตููู ู ููู ุดูุนูุจูุงููุ ููููููููุชูุง ุงููุนููุฏู (ูุถุงุฆู ุงูุฃููุงุช ููุจูููู)
There are five nights wherein duas are not rejected; The night of Jumuah (Thursday night), The first night of Rajab, The night of the 15th of Shabaan, and the two nights of Eid.
It is recorded in another narration:
ุฅุฐุง ูุงูุช ููููููุฉู ุงููููุตููู ู ู ุดูุนูุจูุงูู ูููููู ููุง ููููููููุง ููุตููู ููุง ููููุงุฑูููุง ูุฅู ุงูููููู ููููุฒููู ูููุง ููุบูุฑููุจู ุงูุดููู ูุณู ุฅูู ุณูู ูุงุกู ุงูุฏููููููุง ููููู: ุฃูุง ู ู ู ูุณูุชูุบูููุฑู ูู ููุฃูุบูููุฑู ููุ ุฃูุง ู ูุณูุชูุฑูุฒููู ููุฃูุฑูุฒูููููุ ุฃูุง ู ุจุชูู ููุฃูุนูุงููููููุ ุฃูุง ููุฐูุง ุฃูุง ููุฐูุง ุญุชู ููุทูููุนู ุงููููุฌูุฑู
When it is the night of the15th of Shabaan, then stand in Salaah during the night and fast during the day, for verily Allah descends in it to the nearest heavens at the time of sunset and announces, ‘Is there anyone seeking forgiveness so that I may forgive him? Is there anyone seeking sustenance so that I may sustain him? Is there anyone facing tribulations so that I may remove his difficulties,’ and these announcements lasts until dawn. (Ibn Majah)
It is recorded in a narration of Baihaqi from Ayesha Radiallahu Anha that Rasulullah Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam made such a lengthy Sajdah on the night of Baraaโat that she thought that he has left the temporary world. In his Sajdah, he was heard reciting the following Dua:
ุฃุนูุฐ ุจุนููู ู ู ุนูุงุจููุย ูุฃุนูุฐ ุจุฑุถุงู ู ู ุณุฎุทููุ ูุฃุนูุฐ ุจู ู ูู ุฅูููุ ูุง ุฃุญุตู ุซูุงุกู ุนูููุ ุฃูุช ูู ุง ุฃูุซููุช ุนูู ููุณู
By Your forgiveness I seek refuge from Your punishment, and by Your pleasure I seek refuge from Your displeasure, and I seek refuge in Thee from Thee, I am unable to praise You, You are as You have praised Yourself.
ุนู ุนุงุฆุดุฉ ุฑุถู ุงููู ุนููุง ูุงูุช: ูุงู ุฑุณูู ุงููู – ุตูู ุงููู ุนููู ูุณูู – ู ู ุงูููู ูุตููุ ูุฃูุทุงู ุงูุณุฌูุฏ ุญุชู ุธููุช ุฃููู ูุฏ ูุจูุถูุ ููู ุง ุฑุฃูุช ุฐูู ูู ุชู ุญุชู ุญุฑูุช ุฅุจูุงู ูุ ูุชุญุฑูุ ูุฑุฌุนุชุ ูุณู ุนุชู ูููู ูู ุณุฌูุฏู: ุฃุนูุฐ ุจุนููู ู ู ุนูุงุจููุ ูุฃุนูุฐ ุจุฑุถุงู ู ู ุณุฎุทููุ ูุฃุนูุฐ ุจู ู ูู ุฅูููุ ูุง ุฃุญุตู ุซูุงุกู ุนูููุ ุฃูุช ูู ุง ุฃูุซููุช ุนูู ููุณู. ููู ุง ุฑูุน ุฑุฃุณู ู ู ุงูุณุฌูุฏ ููุฑุบ ู ู ุตูุงุชู ูุงู: “ูุง ุนุงุฆุดุฉ! -ุฃู ูุง ุญู ูุฑุงุก! – ุฃูุธููุช ุฃูู ุงููุจู – ุตูู ุงููู ุนููู ูุณูู – ูุฏ ุฎุงุณ ุจูุ “. ููุช: ูุง ูุงููู ูุง ุฑุณูู ุงููู! ููููู ุธููุช ุฃูู ููุจูุถูุชู ูุทูู ุณุฌูุฏู. ููุงู: “ุฃุชุฏุฑููู ุฃูููู ูููุฉู ูุฐูุ “. ููุช: ุงููู ูุฑุณููู ุฃูุนูู . ูุงู: “ูุฐู ูููุฉู ุงููุตูู ู ู ุดุนุจุงููุ ุฅู ุงูููู ุนุฒ ูุฌู ูุทูููุนู ุนูู ุนุจุงุฏูู ูู ูููุฉู ุงููุตู ู ู ุดุนุจุงููุ ููุบูุฑู ููู ุณุชุบูุฑููุ ููุฑุญู ุงูู ุณุชุฑุญู ููุ ููุคุฎููุฑู ุฃููู ุงูุญูุฏู ูู ุง ูู ”. ุฑูุงู ุงูุจูููู
When Aisha Radiallahu Anha told Rasulullah Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam that she heard him making this Dua whilst he was in Sajdah, he said, โLearn this Dua and teach it to others. Jibraeel Alaihis Salaam taught this Dua to me and asked me to repeat it in my Sajdah.โ
It is recorded in Fatawa Uthmaaniyah quoting from Allamah Lucknowi Rahimahullah:
There should be no objection with regard to it being Mustahab to spend the 15th night of Shabaan in the Ibaadat of Allah Taโala, as Rasulullah Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam engaged excessively in Ibaadat and Dua on this night, visited the graveyard and made Dua for the deceased. Hence, due to all the verbal narrations, as well as the narrations that explain the physical Ibaadaat of Rasulullah Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam on this night, we understand that it is Mustahab to engage in excessive Ibaadat on this night.
ูุง ููุงู ูู ุงุณุชุญุจุงุจ ูููุฉ ุงูุจุฑุงุกุฉ ุจู ุง ุดุงุก ู ู ุงูุนุจุงุฏุงุช ู ุจุงุฏุงุก ุงูุชุทูุนุงุช ูููุง ููู ุดุงุก ูุญุฏูุซ ุงุจู ู ุงุฌุฉ ู ุงูุจูููู ูู ุดุนุจ ุงูุงูู ุงู ุนู ุนูู ู ุฑููุนุง :ุงุฐุง ูุงู ูููุฉ ุงููุตู ู ู ุดุนุจุงู ูููู ูุง ููููุง ู ุตูู ูุง ููุงุฑูุงโฆ. ู ูู ุงูุจุงุจ ุงุญุงุฏูุซ ุงุฎุฑ ุงุฎุฑุฌูุง ุงูุจูููู ู ุบูุฑู ุนูู ู ุง ุจุณุทูุง ุงุจู ุญุฌุฑ ู ูู. ู ูู ุงูุฅูุถุงุญ ู ุงูุจูุงู ุฏุงูุฉ ุนูู ุงู ุงููุจู ุตูู ุงููู ุนููู ู ุณูู ุงูุซุฑ ูู ุชูู ุงููููุฉ ู ู ุงูุนุจุงุฏุฉ ู ุงูุฏุนุงุก ูุฒุงุฑ ุงููุจูุฑ ู ุฏุนุง ููุงู ูุงุช ุ ููุนูู ุจู ุฌู ูุน ุงูุงุญุงุฏูุซ ุงูููููุฉ ู ุงููุนููุฉ ุงุณุชุญุจุงุจ ุงูุซุงุฑ ุงูุนุจุงุฏุฉ ููู )ูุชุงูู ุนุซู ุงููุฉ ุฌ1 ุต222 / ู ุฌู ูุนุฉ ุฑุณุงุฆู ูููููู ุต130)
With regard to fasting when our actions are presented to Allah Taโala:
ุฃุฎุจุฑูุง ุนู ุฑู ุจู ุนููุ ุนู ุนุจุฏ ุงูุฑุญู ูุ ูุงู: ุญุฏุซูุง ุซุงุจุช ุจู ููุณ ุฃุจู ุงูุบุตูุ ุดูุฎ ู ู ุฃูู ุงูู ุฏููุฉ ูุงู: ุญุฏุซูุง ุฃุจู ุณุนูุฏ ุงูู ูุจุฑูุ ูุงู: ุญุฏุซูู ุฃุณุงู ุฉ ุจู ุฒูุฏุ ูุงู: ููุช: ูุง ุฑุณูู ุงูููุ ูู ุฃุฑู ุชุตูู ู ู ุดูุฑ ู ู ุงูุดููุฑ ู ุง ุชุตูู ู ู ุดุนุจุงูุ ูุงู: ยซุฐูู ุดูุฑ ูุบูู ุงููุงุณ ุนูู ุจูู ุฑุฌุจ ูุฑู ุถุงูุ ููู ุดูุฑ ุชุฑูุน ููู ุงูุฃุนู ุงู ุฅูู ุฑุจ ุงูุนุงูู ููุ ูุฃุญุจ ุฃู ูุฑูุน ุนู ูู ูุฃูุง ุตุงุฆู
ุงูุณูู ุงููุจุฑู ูููุณุงุฆู (ูขูฆูงูจ)
Hadrat Usaama Bin Zaid Radiallahu Anhu narrates, โI said, O messenger of Allah, I havenโt seen you fast in any month as much as you fast in Shabaan. Rasulullah Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, โIt is a month in regards to which people are negligent which occurs between the month of Rajab and Ramadan. It is a month wherein actions are raised to the Rabb of the worlds; hence, I would love that my deeds are raised whilst I am fasting.โ (Sunan An-Nasaaโi)
From the above narration we learn that Nabi Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam would generally fast in the month of Shabaan. The narrations regarding fasting on the 15th of Shabaan are classified as weak, but there are other narrations wherein the virtue of fasting in the month of Shabaan is mentioned. Similarly, there are virtues mentioned in the Hadith for fasting on the 13th, 14th and 15th of every Islamic month. Hence, if a person fasts on the 15th of Shabaan with a dual intention, that is, the fast of Shabaan and the 15th of Shabaan in particular, or Ayyaam-e-Beedh and the 15th of Shabaan, then there is hope that one will attain the reward of both. [Re:- Tawdeehaat pg.726 Vol.2]
Events of the coming year being decided on this night
It is recorded in a narration of Baihaqi that all the children to be born in the coming year, as well as all that are to pass away in the coming year, are recorded on this night, the actions of the servants are raised, and their sustenance sent down.
Mulla Ali Qari Rahimahullah (a senior commentator of Hadith) states that this is the second occasion when these aspects are written down, as everything pertaining to the life of a person is already written in the Lawh-e-Mahfooz. [Mirqaat Pg.973 Vol.3]
Ibn Hajar Rahimahullah states that the quantity of sustenance to be given to the servants (for the year) is handed over on this night, or the means of sustenance such as the amount of rain to fall, is recorded on this night.ย ย ย ย
ููุนููู ุนูุงุฆูุดูุฉู ุฑูุถููู ุงูููููู ุนูููููุงุ ุนููู ุงููููุจูููู ุตููููู ุงูููููู ุนููููููู ููุณููููู ูุ ููุงูู: ยซูููู ุชูุฏูุฑูููู ู ูุง ููุฐููู ุงููููููููุฉูุ ” ููุนูููู ููููููุฉู ุงููููุตููู ู ููู ุดูุนูุจูุงููุ ููุงููุชู: ู ูุง ูููููุง ููุง ุฑูุณูููู ุงููููููุ ููููุงูู: ” ูููููุง ุฃููู ููููุชูุจู ูููู ู ููููููุฏู ู ููู ุจูููู ุขุฏูู ู ููู ููุฐููู ุงูุณููููุฉูุ ูููููููุง ุฃููู ููููุชูุจู ููููู ููุงูููู ู ููู ุจูููู ุขุฏูู ู ููู ููุฐููู ุงูุณููููุฉูุ ูููููููุง ุชูุฑูููุนู ุฃูุนูู ูุงููููู ูุ ูููููููุง ุชูููุฒููู ุฃูุฑูุฒูุงููููู ู “ุ ููููุงููุชู: ููุง ุฑูุณูููู ุงูููููู! ู ูุง ู ููู ุฃูุญูุฏู ููุฏูุฎููู ุงููุฌููููุฉู ุฅููููุง ุจูุฑูุญูู ูุฉู ุงูููููู ุชูุนูุงูููุ ููููุงูู: ” ู ูุง ู ููู ุฃูุญูุฏู ููุฏูุฎููู ุงููุฌููููุฉู ุฅููููุง ุจูุฑูุญูู ูุฉู ุงูููููู ุชูุนูุงููู ุซูููุงุซูุง. ููููุชู: ููููุง ุฃูููุชู ููุง ุฑูุณูููู ุงููููููุ ! ููููุถูุนู ููุฏููู ุนูููู ููุงู ูุชูููุ ููููุงูู: ” ููููุง ุฃูููุงุ ุฅููููุง ุฃููู ููุชูุบูู ููุฏูููู ุงูููููู ู ููููู ุจูุฑูุญูู ูุชููู ” ูููููููููุง ุซูููุงุซู ู ูุฑููุงุชูยป . ุฑูููุงูู ุงููุจูููููููููู ููู ” ุงูุฏููุนูููุงุชู ุงููููุจููุฑู “.
(ููุนููู ุนูุงุฆูุดูุฉูุ ุฃูููู ุงููููุจูููู) : ููููู ููุณูุฎูุฉู ุตูุญููุญูุฉู ู ูููุณููุจูุฉู ุฅูููู ุงููุนูููููู: ุนููู ุงููููุจูููู (ุตููููู ุงูููููู ุนููููููู ููุณููููู ู: ” ููุงูู ูููู ุชูุฏูุฑูููู) ุ ุฃููู: ุชูุนูููู ูููู (ู ูุง) ุ ุฃููู: ู ูุง ููููุนู (ููู ููุฐููู ุงููููููููุฉู) ุ ุฃููู: ู ููู ุงููุนูุธูู ูุฉู ููุงููููุฏูุฑูุฉู ููุชูููุฏููุฑู ุงููุฃูู ูุฑูุ ูููููููู ุงุจููู ุญูุฌูุฑู: ููุจูููู – ุนููููููู ุงูุตููููุงุฉู ููุงูุณููููุงู ู – ุจูููุฐูุง ุงููุงุณูุชูููููุงู ู ุงูุชููููุฑููุฑูููู ุนูููู ุนูุธูู ู ุฎูุทูุฑู ููุฐููู ุงููููููููุฉู ููู ูุง ููููุนู ูููููุงุ ููููุญูู ููู ุฐููููู ุงููุฃูู ููุฉู ุจูุฃูุจูููุบู ููุฌูููุ ููุขููุฏููู ุนูููู ุฅูุญูููุงุฆูููุง ุจูุงููุนูุจูุงุฏูุฉู ููุงูุฏููุนูุงุกู ููุงููููููุฑู ููุงูุฐููููุฑูุ ููููุงู ู ู ูุณูุชูุญูุณูููุ ุฅููููุง ุฃูููู ุญูู ููู ุงููุงุณูุชูููููุงู ู ุนูููู ุงูุชููููุฑููุฑู ููู ู ููููุนู ุนูููู ููุฌููู ุงูุชููุญูุฑููุฑูุ ููููุนูููููู ููู ูุง ุฑูุฃูู ููู ููููุงู ู ุงูุทูููุจูููู ุฃูููููู ููุงูู ููู ูููููู ุนูุงุฆูุดูุฉู: ู ูุง ู ููู ุฃูุญูุฏู ุฅูููุฎู. ุงููุงุณูุชูููููุงู ู ุนูููู ุณูุจูููู ุงูุชููููุฑููุฑู ุณูุจููู ููููู ููู ููุชูุจูุนู ููุฏูู ูููุ ููููู ู ููุตูุจู ุงููู ูุญูุฑููุฑู ููู ูููุ ููุงูููููู ุฃูุนูููู ู. (ููุนูููู) ุ ุฃููู: ููุฑููุฏู ุงููููุจูููู ุตููููู ุงูููููู ุนููููููู ููุณููููู ู ุจูููุฐููู ุงููููููููุฉู (ููููููุฉู ุงููููุตููู ู ููู ุดูุนูุจูุงูู) : ููุงูุธููุงููุฑู ุฃูููู ููุงุฆููู ููุนูููู ุนูุงุฆูุดูุฉู (ููุงููุชู) : ูููููู ุจูุงููู ูุนููููุ ููุฅููููุง ููุงูุธููุงููุฑู ููููุชู: (ู ูุง ูููููุง) ุ ุฃููู: ู ูุง ููููุนู ูููููุง (ููุง ุฑูุณูููู ุงููููููุ ููููุงูู: ” ูููููุง ุฃููู ููููุชูุจู) : ููุนูููู ููุชูุงุจูุฉู ุซูุงููููุฉู ุจูุนูุฏู ุงููููุชูุงุจูุฉู ููู ุงููููููุญู ุงููู ูุญููููุธู (ู ุฑูุงุฉ ุงูู ูุงุชูุญ ุต973 ุฌ3)
ููุงูู ุงุจููู ุญูุฌูุฑู: ููุญูุชูู ููู ุฃูููู ุงููู ูุฑูุงุฏู ุชูููุฒูููู ุนูููู ู ู ูููุงุฏููุฑูููุง ููููู ููููููููููู ุจูููุงุ ุฃููู ุฃูุณูุจูุงุจูููุง ููุงููู ูุทูุฑู ุจูุฃููู ููููุฒููู ุฅูููู ุณูู ูุงุกู ุงูุฏููููููุงุ ุฃููู ู ููู ุณูู ูุงุกู ุงูุฏููููููุง ุฅูููู ุงูุณููุญูุงุจู ุงูููุฐูู ุจูููููููุง ููุจููููู ุงููุฃูุฑูุถูุ ููููู ู ุฃูุฑู ููู ุฐููููู ู ูุง ููููุถููุญู ุงููู ูุฑูุงุฏูุ ูููููููููู ุชูุนูุงููู: {ููููู ุงูุณููู ูุงุกู ุฑูุฒูููููู ู ููู ูุง ุชููุนูุฏูููู} [ุงูุฐุงุฑูุงุช: 22] (ู ุฑูุงุฉ ุงูู ูุงุชูุญ ุต974 ุฌ3)
Is Lailatul Baraaโah mentioned in the Quraan Sharif?
There is a difference of opinion amongst the scholars as to whether the night of Baraaโah is mentioned in the Quraan Sharif or not. A group amongst the former scholars are of the opinion that verses of Surah Dukhaan refer to the night of Qadr, which occurs during the month of Ramadaan. If this explanation is taken, then it will mean that every matter of wisdom is decided on the night of Qadr, which occurs in Ramadaan and not on the 15th of Shabaan.
Mullah Ali Qari Rahimahullah states that there isnโt any difference of opinion regardin these decisions occurring on the 15th of Shabaan. The difference is in regard to the verse of Surah Dukhaan; does it refer to Lailatul Qadr or Lailatul Baraaโah? The decisions made regarding sustenance, birth, death, etc. occurs on both nights in the following manner; it is possible that the decision is made on the night of Baraaโat and dispatched on the night of Qadr, or, the decision is made in a concise manner on one night and in a detailed manner on the other night, or, matters pertaining to Dunya are decided on one night and matters pertaining to the hereafter are decided on the other night. These are some of the possible logical answers pertaining to the issue.
ููุฅูุฐูุง ุซูุจูุชู ุฃูููู ููุฐูุง ุงููููุฒูููู ููููููุฉู ุงููููุฏูุฑู ุซูุจูุชู ุฃูููู ุงููููููููุฉู ุงูููุชูู ููููุฑููู ูููููุง ููููู ุฃูู ูุฑู ุญููููู ู ููู ุงููุขููุฉู ูููู ููููููุฉู ุงููููุฏูุฑู ููุง ููููููุฉู ุงููููุตููู ู ููู ุดูุนูุจูุงููุ ููููุง ููุฒูุงุนู ููู ุฃููู ููููููุฉู ููุตููู ุดูุนูุจูุงูู ููููุนู ูููููุง ููุฑูููุ ููู ูุง ุตูุฑููุญู ุจููู ุงููุญูุฏููุซูุ ููุฅููููู ูุง ุงููููุฒูุงุนู ููู ุฃููููููุง ุงููู ูุฑูุงุฏูุฉู ู ููู ุงููุขููุฉูุ ููุงูุตููููุงุจู ุฃููููููุง ููููุณูุชู ู ูุฑูุงุฏูุฉู ู ูููููุงุ ููุญููููุฆูุฐู ููุณูุชูููุงุฏู ู ููู ุงููุญูุฏููุซู ููุงููุขููุฉู ูููููุนู ุฐููููู ุงููููุฑููู ููู ููููู ู ููู ุงููููููููุชููููู ุฅูุนูููุงู ูุง ุจูู ูุฒููุฏู ุดูุฑูููููู ูุง ุงูู.
ููููุญูุชูู ููู ุฃููู ููููุนู ุงููููุฑููู ููู ููููููุฉู ุงููููุตููู ู ูุง ููุตูุฏููุฑู ุฅูููู ููููููุฉู ุงููููุฏูุฑูุ ููููุญูุชูู ููู ุฃููู ููููููู ุงููููุฑููู ููู ุฅูุญูุฏูุงููู ูุง ุฅูุฌูู ูุงููุงุ ููููู ุงููุฃูุฎูุฑูู ุชูููุตููููุงุ ุฃููู ุชูุฎูุตูู ุฅูุญูุฏูุงููู ูุง ุจูุงููุฃูู ููุฑู ุงูุฏูููููููููููุฉูุ ููุงููุฃูุฎูุฑูู ุจูุงููุฃูู ููุฑู ุงููุฃูุฎูุฑููููููุฉูุ ููุบูููุฑู ุฐููููู ู ููู ุงููุงุญูุชูู ูุงููุงุชู ุงููุนููููููููุฉู.ย (ู ุฑูุงุฉ ุงูู ูุงุชูุญ ุต974 ุฌ3)
Those deprived of the forgiveness on the night of Baraaโat
- A Mushrik (one that ascribes partners unto Allah Taโala)
- One that harbours malice for others
- One that breaks family ties
- A drunkard (or one that indulges in intoxicants)
- One that is disobedient to his parents.
- An adulterer
- One that wears his pants below the ankles
- A murderer
ALLAH TA’ALA KNOWS BEST!
ANSWERED BY:
Maulana Ahmed Saeed
Date: 19 Shabaan 1444 / 12 March 2023
CHECKED AND APPROVED BY:
Mufti Mohammed Desai
